Standard EPAC requires 250W continuous power, pedal-only assist, power cuts off at 25km/h, certified EN15194 with CE mark; throttle-only bikes are illegal for normal road/bike lane use.

500W is the universal all-round power; pedal assist saves battery for bike paths, while throttle enables no-pedal easy riding for city trips.

Rear hub: low cost, low maintenance for flat city commutes; mid-drive: stronger hill torque, natural cycling feel for hilly towns & off-road trails.

Pick 500Wh for 25–50km real range, removable lithium cells certified EN50604; removable batteries meet upcoming EU battery regulation rules for replacement & safety.

Step-thru for city errands; folding for apartment/storage/train travel; fat tyre for rural gravel/snow; eMTB for mountain trails; cargo for family/grocery hauling.

Hydraulic discs are recommended—stronger stopping for wet European weather and heavy e-bike weight; mechanical discs only suit budget flat urban rides.

Bikes arrive 85–90% pre-assembled with basic tools; standard warranty: Frame 2–5yrs, Motor 1–2yrs, Certified battery 1–2yrs for original buyer only.

Standard guaranteed terms: Frame 2–5 years, Motor 1–2 years, Battery 1–2 years, Display & wiring 1 year (valid for original buyer only).